Analysis of Data and it’s Challenges
Aishwarya Deokar
SUMMARY –
1) Bechman (2020) stated that efforts at Purdue University to advance agricultural technology, particularly focusing on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for data collection. John Scott leads initiatives to educate farmers on UAV usage, including pilot certification courses. Extension educators across Indiana have UAVs for demonstration purposes. The Corn and Soybean Innovation Center explores UAV applications. Various research centers serve as test beds for UAV and sensor development. Challenges include data management and transfer, with experimentation involving Microsoft’s FarmBeats and ISO-BLUE telematics. Purdue and Ivy Tech are developing educational programs in digital agriculture.
2) Jacobs (2023) emphasizes The article highlights positive trends for potential female CEOs, including an increase in women holding divisional and regional CEO roles, rising from 14% to 22% in the S&P 500 since 2018. Notably, these roles serve as stepping stones to the CEO position, with 45% of US CEOs having prior experience as divisional chiefs. Efforts by some companies to develop diverse pipelines, such as Aviva’s commercial leadership program, and the growing presence of female non-executive directors are seen as promising. However, biases in the selection process and perceptions of leadership appearance and behavior still present challenges, emphasizing the need for continued efforts to promote gender diversity in leadership roles.
3) Toronto (2020) stated that The confirmation of Amy Coney Barrett to the U.S. Supreme Court has raised concerns about the potential weakening or overturning of Roe v. Wade, leading to a decline in abortion access, particularly in the American South and Midwest. While legal abortion access would remain unchanged in over half of states, it would effectively end for many in certain regions, especially impacting those who are economically disadvantaged. The analysis indicates that without Roe, abortion could become illegal in 22 states, causing 41% of women of child-bearing age to see the nearest abortion clinic close. This could result in longer travel distances, decreased abortion rates, and increased inequality in access. The estimated impact includes at least a 14% reduction in legal abortions in the United States, potentially translating to about 100,000 fewer legal abortions annually. The exact number is challenging to predict due to factors like the potential opening of new clinics near state borders and alternative methods such as mail-order abortion pills or illegal surgical abortions. Additionally, even if Roe is not overturned, a more conservative court could uphold state laws that restrict abortion access.
4) Paris, (2013) in his study revealed the misconception that “big data” is exclusive to large companies is changing with technological advances. Small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) can harness the power of big data to innovate and solve complex problems. To effectively implement analytics, SMBs should focus on identifying critical data tailored to their needs, start with manageable steps, invest in scalable technology, learn from others, and carefully evaluate big data solutions based on their resources and long-term goals.
5) Bednarz (2013) In his article discusses insights from Virendra Vase, CTO at Klout, regarding the challenges and lessons learned from Klout’s experience with big data. Klout, a platform measuring social influence, processes 12 billion data signals daily for over 400 million users. The challenges include handling unstructured data formats, testing complexities due to data volume, and the evolving nature of big data technologies. Vase emphasizes the importance of modular infrastructure, investment in management tools, and the struggle to find skilled talent in the rapidly evolving big data field. Collaborating technologists with product and business experts is also highlighted as crucial for success.
6) Wigglesworth et al (2018) in his study revealed that the International Quant Championship, organized by WorldQuant, brought together 47 young individuals from 15 countries at a luxurious resort in Singapore. These aspiring quants competed by presenting trading signals to a panel of WorldQuant executives. The competition reflects the intense demand for talent in quantitative analysis, with quant professionals now commanding high salaries. To attract candidates, industry players use creative strategies, such as funding research centers at universities and hosting unconventional data challenges. Hedge fund Two Sigma, for example, created an online game called Halite to engage and recruit tech-savvy individuals. The competition for quants is fierce, leading firms to explore various avenues to identify and retain the best talent.
7) Waltner (1998) stated that the challenges of data quality and management support are highlighted in the deployment of a data warehouse by Blue Cross FEP. Initially facing issues with previous attempts, the organization gained momentum with the appointment of a CIO and strong executive backing. Opting for Red Brick Systems’ relational database management system and other tools, they aimed for robustness to handle their substantial data volume. Initially accessed by a limited number of central administration employees, the warehouse is now being rolled out to member plans for broader usage, facilitating analysis of enrollment demographics and prescription-drug costs.
8) Hitt, (2004) in his study emphasizes that Microarray technology enables the simultaneous monitoring of gene expression, but the complexity of data analysis remains a significant challenge. The false-discovery rate and determining the sufficient number of replicates pose difficulties. Biostatisticians are increasingly involved, yet standardized methodologies are lacking, particularly in smaller labs. Specialized data-analysis software has emerged to aid non-statisticians, with various products and upgrades available, including GeneSifter.net, Ingenuity Systems’ Pathways Analysis, InforSense 1.9: BioScience, and PathwayAssist 2.5 by Iobion Informatics. These tools aim to streamline analysis, integrate data sources, and enhance visualization in the evolving landscape of DNA microarray research.
9) Prasad K.M.V et al (2021) In his study discusses the use of smart devices equipped with proximity and accelerometer sensors for monitoring the elderly in various locations, aiming to improve healthcare management and living standards. It acknowledges challenges such as noisy sensor data and highlights the need for accurate identification through machine learning (ML) and digital signal processing (DSP) techniques. The proposed framework focuses on leveraging DSP for feature selection and ML for classification to identify human activities using accelerometer data. The manuscript outlines the literature review, system design, algorithm description, system outcomes, and concludes with the summary of the work.
10) Chong, (2019) emphasizes the challenge in qualitative research lies in making critical connections between raw data and the broader research discipline, allowing researchers to derive valid meaning. This process is complicated by the context-bound nature of data collection, analysis, and interpretation. However, this contextual dependence is also a strength of qualitative research, as it allows for flexibility and adaptation to various factors such as researchers’ beliefs, goals, and the characteristics of the research context. Qualitative inquiry requires reflexivity and the ability to negotiate complexities that may arise during analysis. When established methodologies do not fully align with the research context, it is essential to provide reasons for any discrepancies.
CONCLUSION –
The compilation of various studies and articles highlights a diverse range of challenges and advancements across multiple fields, including agriculture, technology, healthcare, and business. From the integration of UAVs in agricultural practices to the evolving landscape of gender diversity in corporate leadership, each conclusion underscores the complexities and opportunities within its respective domain. Whether it’s the democratization of big data analytics for small and medium-sized businesses or the critical role of smart devices in elderly care, these insights reflect the ongoing pursuit of innovation and adaptation to address contemporary challenges. Moreover, the emphasis on talent acquisition and retention in quantitative analysis and the importance of robust data management systems further underscore the integral role of technology in driving progress across industries. Overall, the conclusions draw attention to the intricate interplay between technological advancement, societal dynamics, and the pursuit of knowledge across various disciplines.
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