Topic: Urbanization and Its Social Impact.
Name: Prajwal Gadre
MMS Div A Roll no. 15
1) Migration and its impact on urban development in the 21st century
The study explores the effects of migration on urban areas, focusing on both economic and social aspects. It highlights how migration contributes to population growth, labor market dynamics, housing demand, and infrastructure expansion in cities. The article also addresses the challenges posed by rapid urbanization, such as overcrowding, pressure on public services, socio-economic disparities, and environmental concerns. On the other hand, it discusses policy responses to manage urban migration effectively, emphasizing the need for sustainable urban planning, improved housing policies, and integration programs for migrants. The research underscores the dual impact of migration—while it fosters economic growth and cultural diversity, it also requires strategic urban management to mitigate negative consequences.
2) Movement to the urban north and its cultural, social, and political impact
The article talks about the causes of the Great Migration, including racial segregation, economic hardship, and lack of opportunities in the South, which pushed millions of African Americans to cities like Chicago, New York, and Detroit in search of better jobs and living conditions. It also discusses the impact of this migration on urban development, labor markets, and racial demographics in Northern cities. Culturally, the paper highlights the rise of movements like the Harlem Renaissance, which led to the flourishing of African American literature, music, and art. Socially, it examines the challenges migrants faced, such as discrimination, housing segregation, and labor exploitation. Politically, the migration contributed to the growth of the Civil Rights Movement, as African Americans in urban centers gained greater political influence and pushed for equality and justice.
3) The beirut port explosion: social, urban and economic impact
This study explores the explosion’s social impact, highlighting the loss of lives, displacement of thousands, and the psychological trauma experienced by the affected population. It also examines the strain on Lebanon’s public services, particularly healthcare and emergency response systems. Regarding urban impact, the paper discusses the large-scale destruction of infrastructure, including residential and commercial buildings, roads, and public facilities. The explosion significantly altered Beirut’s urban landscape, leading to a housing crisis and long-term challenges in rebuilding efforts. The economic impact is a major focus, as the explosion severely damaged Lebanon’s main trade hub, causing disruptions in supply chains, job losses, and economic downturns. The paper also addresses the financial crisis that worsened due to the disaster, further straining Lebanon’s struggling economy. The research underscores the explosion as a multidimensional crisis, emphasizing the urgent need for sustainable reconstruction, policy reforms, and international support to restore stability in Beirut.
4) Impact of Social Protection Programs on Household Poverty in Urban Slums
It analyzes various government and non-government social protection programs, including cash transfers, food subsidies, education support, and healthcare initiatives, and their role in improving the living conditions of marginalized urban populations. It assesses how these programs help increase household income, enhance access to basic services, and provide economic stability to vulnerable families. The research also discusses challenges such as inefficiencies in program implementation, corruption, and the exclusion of some needy households due to bureaucratic hurdles. While the findings suggest that social protection programs significantly reduce poverty and food insecurity, they also emphasize the need for better targeting mechanisms, increased funding, and stronger governance to maximize their impact.
5) Assessment of the Impact of Urbanization on Geo environmental Settings Using Geospatial Techniques
The uses geospatial techniques, such as remote sensing and GIS (Geographic Information System), to analyze the effects of urban expansion on the district’s geo environmental settings, including land use changes, water resources, soil quality, and vegetation cover. The authors assess how urbanization has led to the conversion of agricultural and green spaces into built-up areas, contributing to challenges like increased pollution, water scarcity, and loss of biodiversity. Additionally, the research investigates the spatial distribution of urban growth, identifying regions most affected by development and providing insights into the sustainability of current urban planning practices. It highlights the need for integrated management approaches that balance urban growth with environmental conservation, ensuring that the region’s geo environmental health is maintained. The paper concludes by stressing the importance of sustainable urban planning and the role of geospatial tools in monitoring and managing urbanization’s impacts on local environments
6) Assessment of Environmental Water Security of an Asian Deltaic Megacity and Its Peri-Urban Wetland Areas
The environmental water security of these regions by examining the availability, quality, and sustainability of water resources in the face of rapid urbanization, climate change, and increased water demand. The authors use a combination of hydrological modeling, remote sensing, and field observations to evaluate how urban expansion and industrialization are affecting water sources and wetland ecosystems. The paper highlights the critical role of wetlands in maintaining water quality, supporting biodiversity, and regulating water flow. It also emphasizes the threats posed by pollution, over-extraction of groundwater, and habitat loss due to urban sprawl. The authors suggest that integrated water management strategies are needed to address the competing demands of urban development, environmental protection, and water conservation. They advocate for a more sustainable approach to urban planning that prioritizes the protection of wetland areas and ensures the long-term availability of water resources for both urban and rural populations
7) A Responsive Approach for Designing Shared Urban Spaces in Tourist Village
The research presents a responsive design approach, where urban spaces are planned to be flexible and responsive to the changing demands and seasonal fluctuations typical of tourist villages. The author highlights the role of public spaces in promoting social interaction, fostering economic development, and maintaining a balance between tourism and local lifestyles. Additionally, the paper addresses challenges such as overcrowding, environmental degradation, and the potential loss of local identity due to the dominance of tourist activities. It stresses the need for sustainable planning practices, community involvement, and the preservation of the cultural heritage of the village while designing urban spaces that cater to both permanent residents and transient tourists. In conclusion, the study calls for collaborative planning between local authorities, communities, and tourism stakeholders to create urban environments that are livable, resilient, and welcoming to all users.
8) Does urban sprawl increase the costs of providing local public services?
Using data from various Spanish municipalities, the authors examine the effects of low-density urban growth on the efficiency and costs of providing essential services such as transportation, education, healthcare, and waste management. They find that urban sprawl tends to increase the costs of these services due to the dispersed nature of development, which requires greater infrastructure investment and more resources to serve scattered populations. The paper also highlights the challenges faced by local governments in managing sprawl, including increased pressure on budgets and inefficiencies in service delivery. The authors conclude that well-planned urban policies and compact urban growth could help mitigate these rising costs and improve the overall cost-effectiveness of local public services. Overall, the study provides evidence that urban sprawl is associated with higher public service costs, emphasizing the need for sustainable urban planning and strategic land use policies to control sprawl and reduce financial burdens on municipalities.
9) Assessing the Sociological Impact of the Miyawaki Method on Urban Health and Environment
Dr. P. John Rajadurai examines how this method contributes to the improvement of urban health by enhancing air quality, reducing heat island effects, and promoting biodiversity. The paper also highlights the sociological benefits, such as fostering a sense of community, increasing awareness of environmental sustainability, and promoting social cohesion among urban residents. Through the implementation of the Miyawaki method, the paper suggests that cities can become healthier and more resilient to the effects of climate change, while simultaneously fostering social engagement and environmental responsibility. It emphasizes the role of local communities in the success of these green initiatives and the long-term impact of such urban forests on public well-being. The study calls for more widespread adoption of the Miyawaki method in urban planning as a tool to improve both environmental quality and social health in densely populated urban areas.
10) Impact of land use regulations on density and development patterns in the National Capital Region in India
The study explores the relationship between government-imposed land use policies—such as zoning laws, building codes, and land allocation strategies—and the spatial development of the region. The authors analyze how these regulations shape urban growth, infrastructure development, and the distribution of residential, commercial, and industrial spaces. The paper highlights the challenges faced by policymakers in managing rapid urbanization in the NCR, including the balancing act between controlling population density and encouraging sustainable development. It discusses how land use regulations can both facilitate and constrain development by determining where and how land can be used, thus influencing housing affordability, transportation networks, and overall urban design. The research also explores the uneven development patterns created by these regulations, often leading to disparities in infrastructure access, housing quality, and economic opportunities across different parts of the NCR. The authors suggest that while land use regulations are essential for managing growth and preserving environmental and social resources, their impact on development patterns requires careful evaluation and adjustment to ensure more balanced, equitable urban development.
11) Overall Summary
The overall summary of these 10 articles talks about how Urbanization is a crucial part. It explores the impact of migration, urbanization, and environmental factors on urban development, highlighting economic, social, and infrastructural challenges. It addresses the issues like population growth, housing demand, and environmental degradation, emphasizing the need for sustainable planning. The research underscores the role of policies in shaping urban landscapes, from social protection programs to land use regulations. Environmental concerns, including water security and green urban initiatives, are also discussed as critical for future resilience. Case studies, such as the Beirut explosion and the Great Migration, illustrate the socio-political effects of urban shifts.
Refrence:
Albert Solé-Ollé & Miriam Hortas Rico, 2008. “Does urban sprawl increase the costs of providing local public services? Evidence from Spanish municipalities,” Working Papers 2008/6, Institut d’Economia de Barcelona (IEB)
Anil Kashyap & James Berry & Surjit Singh, 2012. “Impact of land use regulations on density and development patterns in the National Capital Region in India,” ERES eres2012_352, European Real Estate Society (ERES).
Asma Jadallah Khasawneh, 2024. “The history of the great migration: Movement to the urban north (1916-1970) and its cultural, social, and political impact,” Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, Learning Gate, vol. 8(4), pages 2267-2277.
Balan Mariana & Uzlau Carmen, 2024. “Migration And Its Impact On Urban Development In The 21st Century,” Annals – Economy Series, Constantin Brancusi University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 5, pages 106-115, October.
Chirine Khalil NASSAR & Corina-Cristiana NASTACÄ‚, 2021. “The Beirut port explosion: social, urban and economic impact,” Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 16(3), pages 42-52, August.Handle: RePEc:rom:terumm:v:16:y:2021:i:3:p:42-52.
Dr. P. John Rajadurai, 2024. “Assessing the Sociological Impact of the Miyawaki Method on Urban Health and Environment,” International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(11), pages 3360-3367, November.
Rasha A. Moussa, 2023. “A Responsive Approach for Designing Shared Urban Spaces in Tourist Villages,” Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-27, May.
Shaukat Aziz, 2024. “Impact of Social Protection Programs on Household Poverty in Urban Slums,” International Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development, AJPO Journals Limited, vol. 5(2), pages 35-46.
Shruti Kanga & Suraj Kumar Singh & Gowhar Meraj & Anup Kumar & Ruby Parveen & Nikola Kranji & Bojan Lurin, 2022. “Assessment of the Impact of Urbanization on Geoenvironmental Settings Using Geospatial Techniques: A Study of Panchkula District, Haryana,” Geographies, MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-10, January.
Subham Mukherjee & Pradip Kumar Sikdar & Sukdeb Pal & Brigitta Schütt, 2021. “Assessment of Environmental Water Security of an Asian Deltaic Megacity and Its Peri-Urban Wetland Areas,” Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-32, March.