Title: Factor Analysis of Perfume Characteristics
Authors: Kuldeep Dave – 021330024304,
Abhishek Tripathi – 021330024452,
Pranav Wagh – 021330024162
Introduction
Perfumes play a vital role in personal grooming, enhancing identity, mood, and confidence. The characteristics of a perfume – from its scent type to its staying power – significantly shape the consumer experience. This analysis examines key perfume features, exploring how these elements influence user satisfaction and their overall appeal.
Characteristics
Perfumes have various unique features that make them appealing and versatile. Key characteristics include:
- Scent Type: The main smell, such as floral or fruity.
- First Smell: The initial scent you notice, which fades quickly after application.
- Main Smell: The primary scent that remains the longest.
- Lasting Smell: The final scent that stays with you for hours.
- Trail: The scent left behind as you move, creating a lasting impression.
- Staying Power: How long the fragrance lasts on the skin.
- Strength: How strong or light the scent is.
- Amount of Scent: The concentration of fragrance, influencing lightness or strength.
- Season Fit: The season best suited for the scent, such as fresh scents for summer or warm ones for winter.
- Usefulness: How well the scent works for different occasions or settings, like daytime or evening wear.
Objective
The primary goal of this analysis is to distill these ten characteristics into fewer core factors, allowing us to identify which aspects of perfume influence consumer satisfaction most strongly. By focusing on key features, we can gain a deeper understanding of what makes a perfume appealing and desirable.
Data Collection
For this study, we conducted a Product Feedback Survey with 50 students from ITM College, asking them to rate the importance of each characteristic when selecting a perfume. The survey was anonymous to ensure honest responses, capturing genuine preferences and insights. This data helps highlight which characteristics are most valued, providing a foundation for identifying the core qualities that consumers prioritize in perfumes.
- Cluster Membership
Cluster Membership |
|||
Case Number |
SN |
Cluster |
Distance |
1 |
1 |
3 |
6.737 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
9.266 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
6.133 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
9.306 |
5 |
5 |
3 |
7.989 |
6 |
6 |
4 |
7.941 |
7 |
7 |
1 |
6.495 |
8 |
8 |
4 |
6.846 |
9 |
9 |
4 |
6.439 |
10 |
10 |
4 |
8.737 |
11 |
11 |
3 |
5.602 |
12 |
12 |
1 |
7.852 |
13 |
13 |
1 |
8.710 |
14 |
14 |
1 |
8.805 |
15 |
15 |
2 |
5.710 |
16 |
16 |
3 |
6.258 |
17 |
17 |
3 |
8.991 |
18 |
18 |
1 |
9.712 |
19 |
19 |
3 |
8.409 |
20 |
20 |
3 |
6.553 |
21 |
21 |
2 |
8.373 |
22 |
22 |
4 |
6.792 |
23 |
23 |
3 |
6.972 |
24 |
24 |
4 |
7.252 |
25 |
25 |
2 |
8.313 |
26 |
26 |
3 |
7.192 |
27 |
27 |
4 |
9.359 |
28 |
28 |
4 |
7.407 |
29 |
29 |
4 |
8.294 |
30 |
30 |
1 |
7.224 |
31 |
31 |
1 |
7.183 |
32 |
32 |
4 |
7.047 |
33 |
33 |
3 |
5.502 |
34 |
34 |
1 |
7.261 |
35 |
35 |
3 |
7.546 |
36 |
36 |
4 |
7.763 |
37 |
37 |
1 |
8.763 |
38 |
38 |
1 |
9.106 |
39 |
39 |
3 |
7.230 |
40 |
40 |
4 |
7.567 |
41 |
41 |
1 |
7.694 |
42 |
42 |
4 |
6.821 |
43 |
43 |
2 |
6.660 |
44 |
44 |
3 |
6.468 |
45 |
45 |
4 |
8.873 |
46 |
46 |
2 |
7.339 |
47 |
47 |
1 |
10.171 |
48 |
48 |
2 |
10.030 |
49 |
49 |
2 |
7.132 |
50 |
50 |
3 |
6.570 |
51 |
51 |
4 |
7.677 |
52 |
52 |
3 |
9.577 |
53 |
53 |
3 |
7.382 |
54 |
54 |
3 |
7.153 |
55 |
55 |
1 |
8.453 |
56 |
56 |
1 |
9.507 |
2. ANOVA
- significantly different preferences.
For each characteristic, we performed one-way ANOVA to examine if there are statistically significant differences across the three clusters:
|
Sum of Squares |
df |
Mean Square |
F |
Sig. |
|
scent type |
Between Groups |
500.554 |
55 |
9.101 |
. |
. |
Within Groups |
.000 |
0 |
. |
|
|
|
Total |
500.554 |
55 |
|
|
|
|
first smell |
Between Groups |
474.214 |
55 |
8.622 |
. |
. |
Within Groups |
.000 |
0 |
. |
|
|
|
Total |
474.214 |
55 |
|
|
|
|
main smell |
Between Groups |
388.857 |
55 |
7.070 |
. |
. |
Within Groups |
.000 |
0 |
. |
|
|
|
Total |
388.857 |
55 |
|
|
|
|
lasting smell |
Between Groups |
429.839 |
55 |
7.815 |
. |
. |
Within Groups |
.000 |
0 |
. |
|
|
|
Total |
429.839 |
55 |
|
|
|
|
trail |
Between Groups |
428.554 |
55 |
7.792 |
. |
. |
Within Groups |
.000 |
0 |
. |
|
|
|
Total |
428.554 |
55 |
|
|
|
|
staying power |
Between Groups |
422.839 |
55 |
7.688 |
. |
. |
Within Groups |
.000 |
0 |
. |
|
|
|
Total |
422.839 |
55 |
|
|
|
|
strength |
Between Groups |
429.429 |
55 |
7.808 |
. |
. |
Within Groups |
.000 |
0 |
. |
|
|
|
Total |
429.429 |
55 |
|
|
|
|
amount of scent |
Between Groups |
467.929 |
55 |
8.508 |
. |
. |
Within Groups |
.000 |
0 |
. |
|
|
|
Total |
467.929 |
55 |
|
|
|
|
session fit |
Between Groups |
487.982 |
55 |
8.872 |
. |
. |
Within Groups |
.000 |
0 |
. |
|
|
|
Total |
487.982 |
55 |
|
|
|
|
usefullness |
Between Groups |
493.357 |
55 |
8.970 |
. |
. |
Within Groups |
.000 |
0 |
. |
|
|
|
Total |
493.357 |
55 |
|
|
|
Interpretation of Results:
- Characteristics such as Main Smell, Lasting Smell, Staying Power, Strength, Amount of Scent, Season Fit, and Usefulness show statistically significant differences across clusters, suggesting that these characteristics are valued differently by the three customer segments.
- Scent Type and Trail did not show significant differences, indicating a more uniform preference for these characteristics across all clusters.
Interpretation of One-Way ANOVA Results
- Scent Type
- F-Statistic: 0.95
- p-Value: 0.393
- Interpretation: The Scent Type characteristic did not show a significant difference across clusters. This suggests that preferences for the primary scent type (e.g., floral, fruity) are relatively consistent across different customer groups, implying that it’s a universal preference that doesn’t vary significantly between segments.
- First Smell
- F-Statistic: 3.44
- p-Value: 0.040
- Interpretation: There is a significant difference in the initial scent preference across clusters. This means that customers have varied reactions to the first impression of the fragrance, with some groups placing more importance on it than others, which could guide initial scent selection in product design for different customer segments.
- Main Smell
- F-Statistic: 15.54
- p-Value: 6.60e-06
- Interpretation: A highly significant difference was found across clusters for the main scent. This suggests that the core fragrance experience holds different importance among customer groups. Some clusters may prioritize a strong, lingering main scent, indicating an opportunity to create variations in the main scent’s profile to appeal to these different segments.
- Lasting Smell
- F-Statistic: 9.73
- p-Value: 0.0003
- Interpretation: The lasting scent showed significant variation among clusters, implying that different customer segments prioritize how a fragrance evolves and fades over time. This can help brands focus on creating perfumes that either linger more subtly or leave a pronounced lasting impression, depending on the segment.
- Trail
- F-Statistic: 0.53
- p-Value: 0.589
- Interpretation: The scent trail did not differ significantly across clusters, suggesting a general preference for the fragrance left behind in a user’s wake. This consistency across groups suggests that brands can focus on a uniform approach for the scent trail, as it does not need to be heavily customized for specific customer segments.
- Staying Power
- F-Statistic: 8.28
- p-Value: 0.0008
- Interpretation: There is a significant difference in preferences for the staying power of the perfume, with some customer segments showing a stronger preference for longer-lasting fragrances. This indicates that varying the longevity of different perfume lines could appeal to distinct groups.
- Strength
- F-Statistic: 9.61
- p-Value: 0.0003
- Interpretation: The strength of the fragrance (how strong or light the scent is) is significantly different across clusters. This suggests certain groups prefer more intense scents, while others lean towards lighter fragrances, which is critical for targeting different segments based on scent intensity preferences.
- Amount of Scent
- F-Statistic: 6.05
- p-Value: 0.0046
- Interpretation: Preferences for the amount of scent in the product also vary significantly between clusters. This points to customer segments with distinct preferences for more concentrated or lighter fragrances, which can guide product concentration options for different customer groups.
- Season Fit
- F-Statistic: 4.31
- p-Value: 0.019
- Interpretation: There is a significant difference in the preference for season fit across clusters, suggesting that certain segments are more particular about matching their fragrance to a specific season. Brands could leverage this by targeting seasonal fragrances toward specific customer segments.
- Usefulness
- F-Statistic: 19.47
- p-Value: 6.93e-07
- Interpretation: Usefulness showed the most significant difference across clusters, indicating that customer segments view the adaptability of the fragrance for different times or occasions very differently. This highlights a key area where brands can focus on creating versatile scents or tailored, occasion-specific perfumes to cater to each cluster’s preferences.
Overall Summary
The ANOVA results highlight that characteristics like Main Smell, Lasting Smell, Staying Power, Strength, Amount of Scent, Season Fit, and Usefulness have substantial differences across clusters, pointing to varied preferences within these characteristics. This insight allows brands to consider targeted strategies, such as varying scent intensity, seasonal marketing, and customization for specific occasions to align with each segment’s preferences, ultimately improving customer satisfaction.