Title: “A comparison of four Car brands: Range Rover, Jaguar, Lamborghini, and Bentley using a one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) single-factor method.”
Author: Shrishti Budhdeo (21330024404)
Introduction: A survey comparing Range Rover, Jaguar, Lamborghini, and Bentley focused on luxury, performance, technology, and design. Range Rover emphasizes off-road capability and interior comfort, while Jaguar focuses on sports performance and sleek design. Lamborghini is renowned for its extreme speed and iconic styling, and Bentley stands out for its bespoke craftsmanship and high-end luxury features.
Objective: The objective of the car survey is to evaluate and compare consumer preferences regarding the luxury, performance, technology, and design of Range Rover, Lamborghini, Jaguar and Bentley.
Data Collection: Data for this study was collected through a survey of 30 classmates using a Google Form, where participants rated each car on a scale of 1 to 10. After data collection, a single-factor ANOVA was conducted to analyse the differences in the ratings.
Data Analysis: The ANOVA: Single Factor test was performed to compare the ratings of four brands.
The hypotheses for the test are:
- Null Hypothesis (H0): All are same.
- Alternate Hypothesis (H1): Anyone of them is different.
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SUMMARY |
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Groups |
Count |
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Sum |
Average |
Variance |
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Range Rover |
30 |
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239 |
7.966667 |
7.550575 |
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Lamborghini |
30 |
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232 |
7.733333 |
5.857471 |
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Jaguar |
30 |
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209 |
6.966667 |
6.102299 |
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Bentley |
30 |
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219 |
7.3 |
7.458621 |
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ANOVA |
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Source of Variation |
SS |
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df |
MS |
F |
P-value |
F crit |
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Between Groups |
17.89167 |
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3 |
5.963889 |
0.884556 |
0.451384 |
2.682809 |
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Within Groups |
782.1 |
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116 |
6.742241 |
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Total |
799.9917 |
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119 |
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Null Hypothesis (H0): There are no significant differences in the ratings between the four cars.
Alternative Hypothesis (H1): At least one group mean is significantly different from the others
F -value = 0.884556
P -value = 0.451384
F critical = 2.682809
If the P value is more than significance level (commonly 0.05) we accept the null hypothesis. P- value 0.451384 > 0.05 (significant), F value 0.884556< 2.682809 also significant.
Conclusion: The P-value is 0.451384, which is higher than 0.05, so we accept the null hypothesis. In other words, there does not appear to be a significant effect or difference between the cars means all are same.