Author- Harsha Pravin Vavekar- 0222124
Challenges and Perspectives of an Economy:
AHMETAJ, et al. (2023) says that this research is aimed to assess the driving factors, challenges, and perspective of woman entrepreneurship in a post communist country . A survey was conducted with 36 female entrepreneurs operating in the capital of Albania,Tirana. The study results revealed that there is a positive significant difference regarding the percentages of women entrepreneurs who have been supported by their families and partners and those who have received heritage from their families. Special attention is addressed to the different factors that women experience in the terms of entrepreneurial development. The aim of this research is to prove different recommendations to be taken into consideration by the policy makers to improve the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Albania
Issues and Challenges of women Entrepreneurship in India:
S., J.; SHIVAPPA. (2023) Stated that women entrepreneurs are becoming increasingly important in developing countries , as they are seen as innovative devices for economic and social development . They are also catalytic in terms of innovation, job creation , and contribution to GDP. India women entrepreneurs are known for their ability to learn quickly , be persuasive, take risks, encourage others, and win and lose gracefully.Women entrepreneurs in India are a diverse collection of people from various age groups and demographic origins, facing gender-specific and gender-neutral obstacles.There is a need to understand policy imperatives and initiatives to help them thrive in a perilous climate.
Women Entrepreneurship : SWOT Analysis:
TURAGA, R.(2023) says that women continue to play a marginal and peripheral role in the overall national context, despite their critical role in production and social processes. This is inequitable and hampers development with high efficiency cost. However, women do have traits that help them in starting and running a business, such as courage, vision, intuition and persistence. This paper aims to understand the various advantages and disadvantages that women have, and face in the business entrepreneurial scenario, based on SWOT analysis, an extremely useful tool for understanding and decision-making for all sorts of situations in business and organizations.
Women entrepreneurship in China: where are we now and where are we heading:
COOKE, F. L, et al. (2023) says that this critically reviews the current situation of women’s entrepreneurship in China and the status quo of research in this field. It analyzed the political, social, cultural, organizational, and individual barriers women entrepreneurs may encounter, as well as policy initiatives and institutional and social support to promote women entrepreneurship. It also highlighted the main theoretical perspectives that have been mobilized to inform research on women’s entrepreneurship in China and indicated areas for future studies. It argued for the need to adopt a more critical approach, such as feminist discourse analysis and a critical socio-technological perspective, to shed light on a range of phenomena related to women’s entrepreneurship. This review has implications for human resource development in China and other societal contexts with similar cultural norms.
SAUDI ARABIAN WOMEN IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP: CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES AND POTENTIAL:
BASAFFAR, et al .(2023) says that the study aimed to identify factors that enable female business owners to realize their entrepreneurial potential. Nine business-owning women were interviewed for this phenomenological study. Drawing on Kreuger and Brazeal’s Model of Entrepreneurial Potential (MEP), the study investigated Saudi female entrepreneurs’ perceived self-efficacy, perceived desirability, perceived feasibility and propensity to act on entrepreneurial opportunities. Results revealed unique strategic approaches and business success factors from the perspective of Saudi women, including their ability to work within or around cultural norms and rules to operate their businesses. The study suggests ways in which Saudi society can support women in realizing their entrepreneurial potential and makes policy recommendations for government and business support entities.
Opportunity for Women’s Entrepreneurship in Kuwait:
LANGWORTHY,et al. (2023) says that Kuwait offers a powerful context for investigating the entrepreneurial cultures developing in Gulf countries in response to the concurrent trends of economic diversification and efficiency, and the constraints posed by cultural narratives that maintain inequality between the sexes. Bringing a capabilities lens to the analysis of entrepreneurship promotion programs means shifting from a focus on meeting basic human needs to ensuring capabilities development. To begin, we discuss the capabilities approach to entrepreneurship with a focus on the necessity/opportunity classification. We review the entrepreneurship ecosystem in Kuwait, including its focus on opportunity entrepreneurs and the legal, economic, and sociocultural framework in which they operate. After considering the impact of Kuwait’s gender-blind approach on women’s entrepreneurship, we conclude with some
Women-entrepreneurship, religiosity, and value-co-creation with ethnic consumers:
GBADAMOSI, (2023) says that the notion of value co-creation in women entrepreneurship and religiosity. It is interpretive in nature and based on 11 in-depth interviews and 1 focus group discussion data collected from women that are members of Pentecostal faith-based organizations in London. It highlights the principal role of spirituality in fostering value co-creation between these women, their customers and their religious establishments. The research shows a rebuttal of the paradox of religion and entrepreneurship, specifically in women entrepreneurship, and its managerial implications revolve around exploring sociocultural groups to foster women entrepreneurship and economic growth.
Women’s Entrepreneurship in the Global South: Empowering and Emancipating? :
OJEDIRAN ,et al. (2023) says that the paper examines the question of whether women entrepreneurs are empowered by entrepreneurship and if it offers emancipation. It argues that institutions create gendered contexts in the Global South, where women’s entrepreneurship is subjugated and treated as inferior and second class. A thematic review of the literature demonstrates that in different regions of the Global South, women entrepreneurs confront many impediments and that this shapes their practices. The paper concludes that entrepreneurship can empower but modestly and slowly, with some independence achieved, but emancipation is a long, slow game.
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN WEST AFRICA:: THE COWPEA STREET FOOD SECTOR IN NIGER AND GHANA:
OTOO, M. et al. (2023) state the importance of women entrepreneurship in the informal sector, such as street food vending, in West Africa. Data was collected through in-person interviews with 114 and 122 women street food entrepreneurs in both countries in 2009. Results revealed that women entrepreneurs engaged in the cowpea street food sector can earn incomes 4 times and 16 times higher than the minimum legal wage in Niamey and Kumasi, respectively. OLS regression results indicate that lack of financial resources, stable business locations and religious beliefs are important entrepreneurial success factors. Cross-country comparisons revealed enterprises in Kumasi are larger and more successful than those in Niamey.
FACTORS AFFECTING WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN J&K (INDIA):
JYOTI, J.et al. (2023) Says it is important to study the aims to develop guidelines on the basis of the problems faced by women entrepreneurs in J&K in the small sector. Three hundred women entrepreneurs from Akhnoor tehsil of Jammu district were contacted for data collection. The primary objective of the paper is to investigate the problems of women entrepreneurs in J&K in the small sector. The statistical tools applied to analyze the data were mean, standard deviation, factor analysis, correlation and regression. Results indicate that women entrepreneurs have positive psychological attitude towards their business but they face many problems like poor assistance from government and other financial agencies, lack of training and development programmes to facilitate entrepreneurship, erratic supply of power and lack of physical facilities like infrastructure and warehousing facilities.
Conclusion
Women entrepreneurship has gained considerable attention in recent years due to the increasing number of women starting and growing their own businesses. This research paper explores the various factors that contribute to the success of women entrepreneurs, including personal characteristics, social and cultural factors, and institutional support.
One key finding of the research is that personal characteristics, such as self-confidence, risk-taking propensity, and resilience, play a critical role in the success of women entrepreneurs. In addition, social and cultural factors, such as family support and role models, can also have a positive impact on women’s entrepreneurial endeavors .
The research also highlights several challenges faced by women entrepreneurs, such as gender biases, lack of access to financing and markets, and work-life balance issues. Overcoming these challenges requires concerted efforts from various stakeholders, including governments, financial institutions, and society as a whole.
Overall, the research suggests that promoting women’s entrepreneurship is not only a matter of gender equality but also a crucial driver of economic growth and innovation. By addressing the barriers faced by women entrepreneurs and providing them with the necessary support and resources, societies can unlock the full potential of women as drivers of entrepreneurship and economic development.
Reference
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BASAFFAR, A. A.; NIEHM, L. S.; BOSSELMAN, R. Saudi Arabian Women in Entrepreneurship: Challenges, Opportunities and Potential. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, [s. l.], v. 23, n. 2, p. N.PAG, 2018. DOI 10.1142/S1084946718500139. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=e4d49e20-41c3-3217-be5c-f215ef956a14. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
COOKE, F. L.; XIAO, M. Women entrepreneurship in China: where are we now and where are we heading. Human Resource Development International, [s. l.], v. 24, n. 1, p. 104–121, 2021. DOI 10.1080/13678868.2020.1842983. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=40fdbc9b-3606-3487-981d-c948bcad379e. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
GBADAMOSI, A. Women-entrepreneurship, religiosity, and value-co-creation with ethnic consumers: revisiting the paradox. Journal of Strategic Marketing, [s. l.], v. 27, n. 4, p. 303–316, 2019. DOI 10.1080/0965254X.2017.1344293. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=8d2851f2-b262-39a5-b05c-f41310698c59. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
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LANGWORTHY, M.; WARNECKE, T. Capabilities and (Missed) Opportunity for Women’s Entrepreneurship in Kuwait. Journal of Economic Issues (Taylor & Francis Ltd), [s. l.], v. 54, n. 2, p. 404–412, 2020. DOI 10.1080/00213624.2020.1752105. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=2d8d3aed-697d-3346-97d3-eba6fcc76408. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
OJEDIRAN, F.; ANDERSON, A. Women’s Entrepreneurship in the Global South: Empowering and Emancipating? Administrative Sciences (2076-3387), [s. l.], v. 10, n. 4, p. 87, 2020. DOI 10.3390/admsci10040087. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=c5ccd35e-c1a2-34e5-ad72-4d5616b10964. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
OTOO, M. et al. Women Entrepreneurship in West Africa:: The Cowpea Street Food Sector in Niger and Ghana. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, [s. l.], v. 16, n. 1, p. 37–63, 2011. DOI 10.1142/S1084946711001732. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=0edbfdd4-524f-37bd-899a-50e527354aec. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
S., J.; SHIVAPPA. Major Issues and Challenges of Women Entrepreneurship in India – A Literature Review. ANWESH: International Journal of Management & Information Technology, [s. l.], v. 6, n. 2, p. 25–32, 2021. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=d226f1fe-f6a4-3d38-bce8-a581c8858013. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
TURAGA, R. Saying ‘Yes’ to Women Entrepreneurship: A SWOT Analysis. IUP Journal of Soft Skills, [s. l.], v. 17, n. 1, p. 44–50, 2023. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=09df7035-447c-3b4f-8ec9-586665d23082. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
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