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Corporate Social Responsibility
Name of the author- Aabha Deshpande
Roll number- 222074
CSR spillover effect: the influence of a brand’s corporate social responsibility activity on competing brands
TEZER, A.; TOFIGHI, M.et al speaks CSR here and it here means brands commitment to improve it’s business operations at social, environmental and economic levels while minimising the negative impact. The main point of this examination is to understand how information about a brand’s CSR activity affects the brand that is involved. In this study we demonstrate that receiving information about a brand’s CSR activity affects a competing brand’s evaluation. It has negative effect on competing brand’s evaluation among consumers. To conclude, further research needs to be done to investigate the CSR spillover effects. CSR activities designed at brand level may not be diagnostic enough to conclude and may lead to disappearance of spillover effects. Further research can compare the spillover effects and answer the questions.
The corporate social responsibility (CSR) internal branding model: aligning employees’ CSR awareness, knowledge, and experience to deliver positive employee performance outcomes
CARLINI, J.; GRACE, D et al speaks about the alignment of branding & CSR, having workplace benefits which includes emotional and psychological well being of the employees. It also includes Equitable HR practices like fair wages, career planning for traditionally marginalised groups. CSR socialisation includes newsletters, orientation, teaching, videos. Corporate ethical empowerment (CEE) refers to an organisation’s promotion of employee participation in CSR planning and decision-making. This study contributes to internal branding and micro-foundation(behaviour of individuals) CSR literature.
Research on Corporate Social Responsibility: Insights and Future Directions
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a term used to describe the way in which businesses consider the social and environmental impacts of their operations in their decision-making and operations. Sometimes, CSR is merely performed and businesses always choose options which are simple and convenient. Stakeholder believe that organizations must address the concerns of all stakeholders and not only its shareholders. According to this view, CSR is not an instrument, but a part of the firm’s agenda that seeks to meet the demands of all stakeholders. According to instrumental approach, companies participate in CSR activities mainly to get mileage out of it- financial results, better reputation, benevolent regulatory treatment. CSR, now is an accepted theory and rapid integration of sustainability in corporate operations will allow CSR to move forward. The future of CSR should be transparent and stakeholders also demand more information on social and environmental impact of the company.
Differential Response to Corporate Political Advocacy and Corporate Social Responsibility: Implications for Political Polarization and Radicalization
In recent years the companies have started taking stands on brand activism, corporate social advocacy corporate political advocacy(CPA). No studies have linked how CSR and CPA contribute to polarisation and radicalisation. With brand attitudes, choice behaviour, stock returns, understanding how firm actions may contribute to well being of a society. Real firms were used in this study but didn’t consider brand attributes that could moderate consumer reactions to CSR/CPA The work did not examine changes in reactions to CPA over time. We have only investigated CSR and CPA in the United States which is a limitation. The work focused exclusively on dependent variables which are important from the firms perspective(brand attitiudes, purchase intentions). Further research would strengthen CPA action, would be seen as a contribution to social progress.
The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Productivity: Firm-Level Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies.
The article speaks about how corporate social responsibility will benefit corporate productivity in Chinese firms. The article further discusses the corelation between CSR and Total Factor Productivity(TFP). TFP provides a broader gauge of firm level performance than productivity and profitability. Through data collection and calculation it is understood that CSR and TFP show a significantly positive corelation for family firms and non-family firms. This study discusses the relationship between CSR and TFP which is significantly positive in family firms, impact of CSR on TFP is greater in state owned firms than private firms. Financial constraints significantly restrain TFP growth and CSR can alleviate firm level financing constraints, thus promoting productivity. Thus, CSR has positive effect on TFP.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Tax Management: The Moderating Effect of Beliefs about Corporate Tax Duty.
DAVIS, A. B.; MOORE, R. D.; RUPERT, T. J. et al speaks about the relation between tax management and CSR. Some consider paying taxes as a social responsibility as it used for the benefit of the public while for the equity shareholders they should pursue all strategies to maximise after tax wealth. The relation between tax management and CSR activities and willingness to invest is that if tax management affects CSR performances, then interaction takes place between other CSR activities. Willingness to invest is always managed by the perception of how well is the company being managed. Investors usually to agree with two perspectives- duty to pay or duty to minimize. In conclusion, we have understood that paying taxes in relation to CSR.
Corporate Social Responsibility in Banks in Turbulent Times and Particularities in Central and Eastern European Countries.
CURMEI, C.-V.; CURMEI-SEMENESCU, A et al says that banks actively participate in CSR activities. CSR became important in banks due to 2008 financial crisis. CSR can be used to alleviate informational asymmetry between management and stakeholders. In banking institutions philanthropic activities are also considered CSR. Regarding banks’ relationships with their shareholders, Chen and Gavious (2015) identify different attitudes toward CSR for three investor segments: majority shareholders, institutional investors, and minority investors. Goyal and Chanda et al believe that customer loyalty is positively affected by community focus and environment directed CSR activities. This helps in maintaining a long term bank-customer relationship. Wu and Shen et al found a positive corelation between CSR and banking performance. Shen et al demonstrated that banks involved in social activities have larger financial performance indicator than the banks who aren’t involved in any social activity. This study’s contribution comprises of an empirical analysis of how CSR contributes to building relationships with different stakeholders from sample of world banks from 2011-2015. A conclusion that has been made is that CSR activities, environmental consciousness and helping the community largely and positively affects different stakeholders. Banks cannot ignore CSR activities because in a competitive economic environment wherein many banks have larger base of CSR activities will always have customer loyalty and different stakeholders. Therefore, banks need to be involved in CSR activities and social consciousness. This study was paramount for banks who are trying to provide a direction for their CSR programmes.
The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Hard-Freezing of Pension Plan and Firm Performance
HWANG, S.; HONG, P. K. et al, this article studies how firms commitment to CSR affects their decision to hard-freeze defined benefit pension plans. Pension freeze is reduction in the amount of money the employees will be receiving from the employer. This further affects the firms productivity and performance in the end. From studies and investigations primarily we do not have any evidence that CSR activities and pension freezing. We now investigate the relation CSR and pension freezing firms. Pension freezing firms have high financial performance than high CSR subsample. These results indicate a negative effect of pension freeze mitigated by higher CSR activities. Finally the authors have concluded that higher CSR activities into consideration especially with good employee relations are less likely to freeze their pension plans. These findings have helped us understand that organisations engagement in CSR activities( activities associated with employee relations) mitigate the negative impact of pension freezing on employee productivity, eventually lead’s to a better performance in the organisation.
Corporate Social Responsibility and High-quality Development: Do Green Innovation, Environmental Investment and Corporate Governance Matter?
XUE, Y. et al speaks about the rapid development in Internet, social media, consumers getting a platform to share their views, evaluation and communication takes place between the customers and the firm. The fulfilment of CSR plays an important role in decision making of corporate and is supremely valued by entrepreneurs. It is believed that CSR and social activities always help firms to prosper and cater to their stakeholders. Corporates are obliged to help for social causes including children’s education, art, food, safety. These activities help maintain a balance in our society. CSR can improve the reputation , profitability and value of corporates. Corporates actively participate in green technology and innovation to meet demands of the stakeholders. CSR impacts development quality. Using data from Chinese listed firms the paper discusses the effect of CSR on management efficiency. CSR has an indirect impact on development quality.
Corporates need to continuously improve their social responsibility, it is a long term process. To conclude, the paper also speaks about the government expanding subsidies for corporates green innovation, environment investment which will lead towards a sustainable and high quality development.
Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Practices in Indian Tea Companies
NARZARI, D.; BHATTACHARJEE, S. et al speaks about the CSR disclosure in Tea Industry, which is one of the largest private industry in the country. The tea industry is facing a number of issues. The tea labourers lead a miserable life. They face a challenge of meeting their basic necessities and improving their economic situation. Most of the labourers in the tea plantations are women, they are subjected to gender discrimination and physical abuse. They are found to have nutritional abnormalities. They have always belonged to lower strata of the society and are the cheapest labour available. They have no standard wage structure, except for Nagaland where the minimum wages given for the year 2013 was higher than all the states taken into consideration. Kadavil(2005) et al stressed about CSR, taking into consideration all the stakeholders. In tea plantations, through CSR, we can provide various facilities which would benefit them. Tea plantation management, now needs to focus on sustainable development, business ethics, human rights and labour regulations, human resource management, corporate governance procedures. All of these parameters are extremely necessary for the development of tea industry and eliminating all the issues faced by female labourers. This paper discusses corporate social responsibility disclosure(CSRD). This can be via annual reports, corporate activities, interim and quarterly reports, environmental activities, press releases. Through this study it can be concluded that tea companies are serious about CSRD compliances and reporting their CSR activities, but findings helped us understand that compliance isn’t enough. The tea workers should be considered as stakeholders in executing CSR. The study also helps us understand that via CSR reporting the stakeholders of the company would become aware of the CSR programmes. The tea companies can have dialogues with the stakeholders, understand their concerns and priorities, this effective stakeholder engagement.
Conclusion-
Corporate Social Responsibility(CSR) is an essential parameter in today’s day and age. It is the firms responsibility to give it back to the society and help the society prosper via conducting activities such as children’s education, art, food, safety. This in turn increases the company’s stakeholders, reputation of the company and branding of the company. CSR is an important part of any industry and should be given importance so that it increases the brand value of the company and as discussed in the articles with sub-points those questions regarding tax management, spillover effects, polarisation and radicalisation, brand value, green innovation, etc.
References-
NARZARI, D.; BHATTACHARJEE, S. Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Practices in Indian Tea Companies. IUP Journal of Organizational Behavior, [s. l.], v. 22, n. 1, p. 28–58, 2023. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=a8c564d7-05e8-3fe5-a2af-f051367ea10d. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
XUE, Y. et al. Corporate Social Responsibility and High-quality Development: Do Green Innovation, Environmental Investment and Corporate Governance Matter? Emerging Markets Finance & Trade, [s. l.], v. 58, n. 11, p. 3191–3214, 2022. DOI 10.1080/1540496X.2022.2034616. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=7bec988a-b0b5-398a-95a6-dcd8801074a1. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
HWANG, S.; HONG, P. K. The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Hard-Freezing of Pension Plan and Firm Performance. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, [s. l.], v. 38, n. 2, p. 386–412, 2023. DOI 10.1177/0148558X20982211. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=4f468bd5-7c76-3e3b-b047-73ae30889be0. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.
CURMEI, C.-V.; CURMEI-SEMENESCU, A. Corporate Social Responsibility in Banks in Turbulent Times and Particularities in Central and Eastern European Countries. Eastern European Economics, [s. l.], v. 60, n. 4, p. 285–304, 2022. DOI 10.1080/00128775.2022.2068606. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=eb6784f5-6718-3bb3-bb22-a98d37a4f165. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023
DAVIS, A. B.; MOORE, R. D.; RUPERT, T. J. Corporate Social Responsibility and Tax Management: The Moderating Effect of Beliefs about Corporate Tax Duty. Journal of the American Taxation Association, [s. l.], v. 44, n. 2, p. 35–53, 2022. DOI 10.2308/JATA-2020-040. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=4e1dd3db-8fc1-3a80-88e0-ec9770e5496e. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.
LIANG, Y.; CAI, C.; HUANG, Y. The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Productivity: Firm-Level Evidence from Chinese Listed Companies. Emerging Markets Finance & Trade, [s. l.], v. 58, n. 12, p. 3589–3607, 2022. DOI 10.1080/1540496X.2020.1788537. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=73d54bfa-0f3c-3335-81f3-725e02c71d14. Acesso em: 11 maio. 2023.
WEBER, T. J. et al. Differential Response to Corporate Political Advocacy and Corporate Social Responsibility: Implications for Political Polarization and Radicalization. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, [s. l.], v. 42, n. 1, p. 74–93, 2023. DOI 10.1177/07439156221133073. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=fed366ff-67d6-34a3-bb7c-acab03af4921. Acesso em: 10 maio. 2023
KHARABSHEH, B.; AL-SHAMMARI, H.; BATAINEH, K. Research on Corporate Social Responsibility: Insights and Future Directions. Administrative Sciences (2076-3387), [s. l.], v. 13, n. 2, p. 64, 2023. DOI 10.3390/admsci13020064. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=39a84f0a-7f7e-382d-9497-c00ac451ccaf. Acesso em: 10 maio. 2023.
CARLINI, J.; GRACE, D. The corporate social responsibility (CSR) internal branding model: aligning employees’ CSR awareness, knowledge, and experience to deliver positive employee performance outcomes. Journal of Marketing Management, [s. l.], v. 37, n. 7, p. 732–760, 2021. DOI 10.1080/0267257X.2020.1860113. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=d08b0987-adb0-3314-9074-8001e03bea5e. Acesso em: 10 maio. 2023.
TEZER, A.; TOFIGHI, M. CSR spillover effect: the influence of a brand’s corporate social responsibility activity on competing brands. Journal of Marketing Management, [s. l.], v. 37, n. 7, p. 651–670, 2021. DOI 10.1080/0267257X.2020.1865430. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=8a9ff476-fe01-33d6-ae36-b754d5c720e7. Acesso em: 13 maio. 2023.