Unemployment
Author name:- Aniket Joshi
Roll no.:- 0222086
UNEMPLOYMENT AND ONLINE LABOR: EVIDENCE FROM MICROTASKING.
LAITENBERGER, U. et al . (2023) says that the article “Unemployment and Online Employment: Evidence from Microworking” explores the link between online microwork platforms and unemployment. A positive correlation between unemployment rates and the number of those doing microwork is offered by the study’s evidence. The authors argue the argument why individuals employ the internet job sites to get work and manage unemployment. The study sheds important light on the growing practise of online gig work and emphasises its potential as a source of employment during economic downturns. Overall, the article clarifies the role of online microwork in addressing problems with unemployment and has significant policy and research implications.
Predicting the contribution of artifcial intelligence to unemployment rates: an artifcial neural network approach
MUTASCU, M.; HEGERTY, S. W. (2023) says that an artificial neural network model is used in the article, “Predicting the Contribution of Artificial Intelligence to Unemployment Rates: An Artificial Neural Network Approach” to look into the potential effects of artificial intelligence (AI) on unemployment rates. The aim of the study is to forecast the long-term effects of AI adoption among various businesses. The authors give insights into the possible replacement of human labour by artificial intelligence (AI) through examining historical data and training the neural network. The study advances knowledge of the complex link between AI and employment and offers policymakers a framework for preventing and dealing with potential challenges with unemployment brought on by AI development. Overall, the article provides valuable insight concerning the way AI is going to influence future employment markets.
THE CHINA SHOCK, EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION, AND EUROPEAN JOBS
AGHELMALEKI (2023) says that an article called “The China Shock, Employment Protection, and European Jobs” analyses how increasing competition from Chinese imports has impacted employment in European nations. The study focuses into whether differing employment protection laws have an impact on how the labour market adjusts to the China shock. Due to the research, nations with stricter labour laws are less likely to lose jobs to Chinese import competition that nations with laxer labour standards. The investigation illustrates the importance that employment protection laws are in reducing the detrimental effects of globalisation on domestic employment. The paper advances knowledge of employment market dynamics in light of problems in global trade.
Determinants of Youth Unemployment in India
BOHINI (2023) says that the review article “Determinants of Youth Unemployment in India” explores various factors determining youth unemployment in India. The study examines at a number of variables like population demographics, skill mismatch, wage market conditions, and educational achievement. The results emphasise the need for better alignment between education and industry requirements and stress the value of education and skills in lowering youth unemployment rates. The study additionally shows how industry changes, economic growth, and job creation in job markets having an impact on youth unemployment. The article offers insightful information that will help stakeholders and policymakers develop practical solutions to India’s current high rates of youth unemployment.
Dead Labor: Mortality Inequities by Class, Gender, and Race/Ethnicity in the United States, 1986–2019
EISENBERG-GUYOT (2023) says that an article called “Dead Labour: Mortality Inequities by Class, Gender, and Race/Ethnicity in the United States, 1986-2019” focuses into the differences in mortality rates in the entire nation when a thirty-year span based on class, gender, and race/ethnicity. According to the findings, there have been considerable disparities in fatality the results, with those living in poverty dying at a higher rate than their wealthier counterparts. The study shows the ongoing injustices in American culture and illuminates the intersectional dynamics of social class, gender, and racial/ethnic identity in affecting health outcomes. The urgency of creating policies and treatments to address these disparities and achieve health equity for every age group is underscored by the piece.
Taxation, capital accumulation, environment and unemployment in an efficiency wage model
GUPTA (2023) says that an article named “Taxation, Capital Accumulation, Environment, and Unemployment in an Efficiency Wage Model” investigates ways taxation, capital accumulation, environmental factors, and jobless intersect within the context of an efficiency wage model. The study examines at how various taxes impact outcomes in the labour market, the environment, and capital investment. The outcomes indicate how these variables link up in complex ways, with tax laws having a bearing on both environmental and economic consequences. The study offers implications for policymakers looking to create efficient and well-balanced policy interventions in these fields by shining light on the compromises and benefits between economic growth, preservation of the environment, and unemployment reduction.
How harmful are cuts in public employment and wage in times of high unemployment?
BETTI (2023) says that an essay titled “How Harmful are Cuts in Public Employment and Wage in Times of High Unemployment?” examines the implications of decreasing public employment and wage levels during high unemployment times. The study looks into how such austerity measures may impact the labour force and economy as a whole. As to the study, incur and employment reductions in the public sector may increase unemployment and impede growth in the economy. The study stresses how keeping public sector employment and pay steady during economic downturns is crucial since it can support overall employment stability and improve aggregate demand. The paper emphasises the potential impact of tightening regulations in contexts having high unemployment.
Women’s Labor Market Responses to Their Partners’ Unemployment and Low-Pay Employment
KELDENICH (2023) says that it looks into the way women react in employment to their partners’ underemployment and jobs with low wages. It underlines how women’s occupations are influenced by the economic standing of their partners. Women are more inclined to enter the workforce or work longer hours when their partners are unemployed. Women, on the other hand, frequently cut lower on their work hours or leave the workforce when their partners work low-paying positions. The study underlines how crucial it is to take into account how spouses’ job statuses interact with one another and how this affects women’s decisions about their careers. Understanding these processes can help officials advance gender equality and reduce household economic risks.
Frictional unemployment, bargaining, and agglomeration
LI (2023) says that the study analyses the connection between employment agglomeration, bargaining power, and frictional layoffs. It underlines how the outcome of collect negotiations can be influenced by frictional unemployment, particularly is brought on by job seeking and matching processes. Particularly, job seekers have more chances of finding work in agglomerated areas with a significant number of businesses and people, which results in a shorter unemployment duration and greater bargaining power. Higher salaries are the outcome of this, in turn. According to the study, it is essential to appreciate how these variables interact in order to properly understand the dynamics of labour markets and develop efficient policies to lower inequality and strengthen workers’ ability to bargain in urban areas.
The Wounds That Do Not Heal: The Lifetime Scar of Youth Unemployment
DE FRAJA (2023) says that the article “The Wounds That Do Not Heal: The Lifetime Scar of Youth Unemployment” raises intriguing inquiries regarding the long-term implications of youth unemployment. It highlights the fact that early adult unemployment can have lasting impacts on somebody’s later years. The paper recognises a number of detrimental implications, including decreased future earnings, a higher risk of joblessness in the future, and detrimental effects on mental health. The study highlights the urgent need for specific interventions and policies that address young people unemployment because the repercussions might have a permanent adverse effect on people’s lives and impede their general well-being and future employment opportunities.
Conclusion
These articles discuss a variety of issues concerning employment market dynamics and unemployment. The influence of online microwork platforms, artificial intelligence, globalisation, education and skills, social disparities, taxation, public employment, partner’s employment status, agglomeration, and the long-term repercussions of youth unemployment are every subject covered in extensive detail by these investigations. Overall, these studies highlight the importance of policymakers taking into account numerous variables and coming up with practical strategies to address problems with unemployment while maintaining economic stability and social equality. The results highlight the significance of matching education to industry demands, preserving public sector employment during economic downturns, advancing gender equality, and putting into effect effective approaches to lessen inequities and assist those who are jobless
Refrence
LAITENBERGER, U. et. (2023) al. Unemployment and Online Labor: Evidence from Microtasking. MIS Quarterly, [s. l.], v. 47, n. 2, p. 771–801, 2023. DOI 10.25300/MISQ/2022/17347. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=bfe56c48-630d-305d-a959-e15dad853fb1. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2023.
MUTASCU, M.; HEGERTY, S. W. (2023).. Predicting the contribution of artificial intelligence to unemployment rates: an artificial neural network approach. Journal of Economics & Finance, [s. l.], v. 47, n. 2, p. 400–416, 2023. DOI 10.1007/s12197-023-09616-z. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=33cceeb7-848d-3358-aaa6-3508e58235bd. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2023.
AGHELMALEKI, H.; BACHMANN, R.; STIEBALE,(2023) J. The China Shock, Employment Protection, and European Jobs. ILR Review, [s. l.], v. 75, n. 5, p. 1269–1293, 2022. DOI 10.1177/00197939211052283. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=0b5218a6-e20e-38db-a962-cbb677494138. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2023.
BOHINI, K.; YAGANTI, C. H.; THOMAS, M. P. (2023) Determinants of Youth Unemployment in India. IUP Journal of Applied Economics, [s. l.], v. 21, n. 2, p. 26–53, 2022. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=114bffc0-54eb-36a8-b24e-6686e40a35ec. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2023.
EISENBERG-GUYOT, J.; FINSAAS, M. C.; PRINS, S. J. (2023) Dead Labor: Mortality Inequities by Class, Gender, and Race/Ethnicity in the United States, 1986–2019. American Journal of Public Health, [s. l.], v. 113, n. 6, p. 637–646, 2023. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=d7736adf-b641-3551-beb0-f374caa3a47f. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2023.
GUPTA, M. R.; DUTTA (2023), P. B. Taxation, capital accumulation, environment and unemployment in an efficiency wage model. Journal of Economics, [s. l.], v. 135, n. 2, p. 151–198, 2022. DOI 10.1007/s00712-021-00754-8. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=19ade989-f032-3e57-b37b-9cafcf8957ce. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2023.
BETTI, T.; COUDERT, T. (2023) How harmful are cuts in public employment and wage in times of high unemployment? Bulletin of Economic Research, [s. l.], v. 74, n. 1, p. 247–277, 2022. DOI 10.1111/boer.12296. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=c0279296-10a0-32b5-a301-10ea78c5eaea. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2023.
KELDENICH, C.; KNABE, A. (2023) Women’s Labor Market Responses to Their Partners’ Unemployment and Low-Pay Employment. Journal of Labor Research, [s. l.], v. 43, n. 1, p. 134–162, 2022. DOI 10.1007/s12122-022-09327-0. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=5c402092-e618-38a0-bcc0-26be39bdb66c. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2023.
LI, X.; ZENG, D.-Z.(2023) Frictional unemployment, bargaining, and agglomeration. Annals of Regional Science, [s. l.], v. 68, n. 1, p. 151–179, 2022. DOI 10.1007/s00168-021-01072-z. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=52e00ba9-593c-33a1-b425-ff1ffb65ad98. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2023.
DE FRAJA, G.; LEMOS, S.; ROCKEY, J.(2023) The Wounds That Do Not Heal: The Lifetime Scar of Youth Unemployment. Economica, [s. l.], v. 88, n. 352, p. 896–941, 2021. DOI 10.1111/ecca.12384. Disponível em: https://discovery.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=71ebc19f-6c3b-390f-8c7e-d26224ab0212. Acesso em: 18 jun. 2023.