{"id":24036,"date":"2026-01-18T21:12:55","date_gmt":"2026-01-18T15:42:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/?p=24036"},"modified":"2026-01-18T21:12:55","modified_gmt":"2026-01-18T15:42:55","slug":"a-comparative-study-of-users-rating-shoe-brands-using-one-way-anova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/?p=24036","title":{"rendered":"A Comparative Study of Users rating Shoe Brands Using One – Way ANOVA"},"content":{"rendered":"

Author: Kumar Paurush Singh<\/span><\/p>\n

1) Introduction: <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Nike, Adidas, Puma, and Skechers are among the world\u2019s leading shoe brands, known for their innovation, comfort, and performance. They cater to athletes, fitness enthusiasts, and everyday consumers across global markets. Each brand has a strong identity and loyal customer base. Together, they shape trends in sportswear and lifestyle footwear worldwide. <\/span>\ud83d\udc5f\u2728<\/span><\/p>\n

2) Objectives:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

The objective of this analysis is to examine whether there is a statistically significant difference in the average values among four sportswear brands: Nike, Adidas, Puma, and Skechers.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

3) \u00a0<\/span>Literature Review:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Literature Review 1<\/span><\/p>\n

1) Kotler & Keller (2019) found that consumer ratings are strongly influenced by perceived quality and brand image, making quantitative tools like ANOVA effective for comparing multiple brands simultaneously.<\/span><\/p>\n

Literature Review 2<\/span><\/p>\n

2) Aaker (2018) emphasized that user satisfaction ratings vary across competing brands, and statistical analysis helps determine whether observed differences are significant or due to random variation.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

4) Data Collection:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

The table below summarizes the descriptive statistics for each brand based on 40 observations per group.<\/p>\n

Nike: Mean = 6.925, Variance = 4.8917
Adidas: Mean = 5.625, Variance = 6.8045
Puma: Mean = 6.425, Variance = 6.4558
Skechers: Mean = 6.650, Variance = 5.8744<\/p>\n

Nike records the highest average value, while Adidas shows the lowest.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

5) Hypotheses:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Null Hypothesis (H\u2080): There is no significant difference in mean values among the four brands.
Alternative Hypothesis (H\u2081): At least one brand has a different mean value.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

5) Data Analysis:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Anova: Single Factor<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

SUMMARY<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Groups<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Count<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Sum<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Average<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Variance<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Nike<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

40<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

277<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6.925<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4.891667<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Adidas<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

40<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

225<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5.625<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6.804487<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Puma<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

40<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

257<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6.425<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6.455769<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Sketchers<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

40<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

266<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6.65<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5.874359<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

ANOVA<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Source of Variation<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

SS<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

df<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

MS<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

F<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

P-value<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

F crit<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Between Groups<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

37.56875<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12.52292<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2.08487<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0.104444<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2.662569<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Within Groups<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

937.025<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

156<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6.006571<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Total<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

974.5938<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

159<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The one-way ANOVA results are summarized below:<\/p>\n

Between Groups: F = 2.0849, P-value = 0.1044
Within Groups Mean Square = 6.0066
F Critical = 2.6626

<\/span><\/p>\n

Interpretation: <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Since the P-value (0.1044) is greater than the significance level of 0.05, and the calculated F-value is less than the critical F-value, the null hypothesis is not rejected.<\/span><\/p>\n

6) Conclusion: <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

The analysis indicates that there is no statistically significant difference in mean values among Nike, Adidas, Puma, and Skechers at the 5% level of significance. Observed differences in averages are likely due to random variation.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

7) References:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

1) Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2019). Marketing Management<\/i> (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
\u2013 This book explains consumer perception, brand evaluation, and quantitative methods useful for comparative brand studies.<\/span><\/p>\n

2) Malhotra, N. K. (2020). Marketing Research: An Applied Orientation<\/i> (7th ed.). Pearson Education.
\u2013 Provides detailed discussion on research design and statistical tools such as one-way ANOVA for analyzing consumer ratings.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Author: Kumar Paurush Singh 1) Introduction: Nike, Adidas, Puma, and Skechers are among the world\u2019s leading shoe brands, known for their innovation, comfort, and performance. They cater to athletes, fitness enthusiasts, and everyday consumers across global markets. Each brand has a strong identity and loyal customer base. Together, they shape trends in sportswear and lifestyle… Continue reading A Comparative Study of Users rating Shoe Brands Using One – Way ANOVA<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":140083,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24036","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/140083"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24036"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24036\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24037,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24036\/revisions\/24037"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24036"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24036"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}