{"id":21956,"date":"2024-10-26T07:57:27","date_gmt":"2024-10-26T02:27:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/?p=21956"},"modified":"2024-10-26T07:57:27","modified_gmt":"2024-10-26T02:27:27","slug":"a-comparison-of-four-car-brands-range-rover-jaguar-lamborghini-and-bentley-using-a-one-way-anova-analysis-of-variance-single-factor-method","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/?p=21956","title":{"rendered":"\u201cA comparison of four Car brands: Range Rover, Jaguar, Lamborghini, and Bentley using a one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) single-factor method.\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><u>Title<\/u><\/strong>: \u201cA comparison of four Car brands: Range Rover, Jaguar, Lamborghini, and Bentley using a one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) single-factor method.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Author<\/u><\/strong>: Shrishti Budhdeo (21330024404)<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Introduction<\/u><\/strong>: A survey comparing Range Rover, Jaguar, Lamborghini, and Bentley <strong>focused<\/strong> on <strong>luxury<\/strong>, <strong>performance<\/strong>, <strong>technology<\/strong>, and <strong>design<\/strong>. <strong>Range Rover<\/strong> emphasizes <strong>off-road capability<\/strong> and <strong>interior comfort<\/strong>, while <strong>Jaguar<\/strong> focuses on <strong>sports performance<\/strong> and <strong>sleek design<\/strong>. <strong>Lamborghini<\/strong> is renowned for its <strong>extreme speed<\/strong> and <strong>iconic styling<\/strong>, and <strong>Bentley<\/strong> stands out for its <strong>bespoke craftsmanship<\/strong> and <strong>high-end luxury features<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Objective<\/u><\/strong>: The objective of the car survey is to evaluate and compare consumer preferences regarding the luxury, performance, technology, and design of Range Rover, Lamborghini, Jaguar and Bentley.<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Data Collection<\/u><\/strong>: Data for this study was collected through a survey of 30 classmates using a Google Form, where participants rated each car on a scale of 1 to 10. After data collection, a single-factor ANOVA was conducted to analyse the differences in the ratings.<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Data Analysis<\/u><\/strong>: \u00a0The ANOVA: Single Factor test was performed to compare the ratings of four brands.<\/p>\n<p>The hypotheses for the test are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Null Hypothesis (H0):\u00a0All are same.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Alternate Hypothesis (H1):\u00a0Anyone of them is different.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<table width=\"605\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p>SUMMARY<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p><em>Groups<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p><em>Count<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p><em>Sum<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p><em>Average<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p><em>Variance<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p>Range Rover<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>239<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>7.966667<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>7.550575<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p>Lamborghini<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>232<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>7.733333<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>5.857471<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p>Jaguar<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>209<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>6.966667<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>6.102299<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p>Bentley<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>219<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>7.3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>7.458621<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p>ANOVA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p><em>Source of Variation<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p><em>SS<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p><em>df<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p><em>MS<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p><em>F<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p><em>P-value<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p><em>F crit<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p>Between Groups<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>17.89167<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>5.963889<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>0.884556<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>0.451384<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>2.682809<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p>Within Groups<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>782.1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>116<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>6.742241<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"125\">\n<p>Total<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>799.9917<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"64\">\n<p>119<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"70\">\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Null Hypothesis (H0):<\/strong> There are no significant differences in the ratings between the four cars.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Alternative Hypothesis (H1)<\/strong>: At least one group mean is significantly different from the others<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0F -value = 0.884556<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0P -value = 0.451384<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0 \u00a0F critical = 2.682809<\/p>\n<p>If the P value is more than significance level (commonly 0.05) we accept the null hypothesis. P- value 0.451384 &gt; 0.05 (significant), F value 0.884556&lt; 2.682809 also significant.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conclusion<\/strong>: \u00a0The P-value is 0.451384, which is higher than 0.05, so we accept the null hypothesis. In other words, there does not appear to be a significant effect or difference between the cars means all are same.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Title: \u201cA comparison of four Car brands: Range Rover, Jaguar, Lamborghini, and Bentley using a one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) single-factor method.\u201d Author: Shrishti Budhdeo (21330024404) Introduction: A survey comparing Range Rover, Jaguar, Lamborghini, and Bentley focused on luxury, performance, technology, and design. Range Rover emphasizes off-road capability and interior comfort, while Jaguar focuses on&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/?p=21956\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201cA comparison of four Car brands: Range Rover, Jaguar, Lamborghini, and Bentley using a one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) single-factor method.\u201d<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":139537,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-finance","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/139537"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21956"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21957,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21956\/revisions\/21957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sachdevajk.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}