Author: Mansi Patil
\nRoll No : 0222044
\nLiterature Review
\nWhat Is Ethics, Anyway?
\nJames Pasztor (2015)states that We often speak about ethics as if we know what it is, as if it is black and white you are either ethical or you are not. There is a big difference between coming up with your own code of ethics and living and breathing it, and following a code just because some regulator or association is telling you what to do. Behavioral science can help us to understand why individuals, both advisors and clients, behave in certain ways sometimes, but science does not tell us how we should act. Ethics is not religion. Many advisors and clients are religious, and many are not. Religion essentially pertains only to those who choose to follow it.
\nScience and Ethics: What Should Count as Evidence Against the Use of Goal Setting?
\nLatham et al (2009) states that high goals lead to better bargaining outcomes than minimum goals, and that there are moderators that affect when goals are beneficial There is no shortage of anecdotal evidence in the media of bad hiring decisions hurting an organization. There are also a multitude of news stories of job applicants who were erroneously identified by a selection test as poor performers. A job applicant who is a poor performer may be identified erroneously as a high performer
\nTeaching business ethics: What, why, who, where, and when.
\nGilbert, (1992) states that Most textbooks in business ethics start from the premise that it is at least related to ethics. Business ethics consists of principles of morally right and wrong behaviour and their application to business situations. There is a need to \u201cconnect ethical theory more closely with management practice.\u201d. Awareness of issues and clear practical thinking about these issues are not antithetical. Business ethics is a specialized branch of the more generalized field of ethics. It is an area of application of principles that hold true in other areas of human endeavor as well.
\nBeing Real about the Ethics of the Fiduciary: What\u2019s Wrong with Self-Interest?
\nDuska , et al (2012) states that \u201cLove your neighbour as yourself.\u201d Self-interest stimulate and grows the economy Acting out of self-interest is not selfishness. It is quite different. Selfishness is self-interest at the expense of others and clearly unethical. But acting in one\u2019s self-interest is good. The injunction to love your neighbour as yourself only makes sense if you love yourself, which means you have a healthy self-interest The other view-point claims that selfishness is not the same as self-interest and that pursuing one\u2019s self-interest is compatible with pursuing the interests of another.
\nDoing what comes naturally? Why we need a practical ethics of teamwork.
\nSewell , et al (2005) states that Teamwork brings empowerment. Empowerment brings improved performance. Despite the increasing technical division of labour, work remains a group activity. As a result of their need for recognition, security and sense of belonging, workers will gravitate toward forming informal groups, whether formal work organization reflects this tendency or not. These informal groups exercise a strong form of social control over the work habits and attitudes of individual workers. Organizations should seek to ensure a good \u2018fit\u2019 between informal groups and formal work structures. The absence or multiplicity of norms makes it difficult for workers to identify with the plant, the product, the manager, the owner, the customer and others. Work is a mode of self-realization only if it respects the integrity of conception and execution
\nBusiness Ethics and Compliance: What Management Is Doing and Why.
\nDriscoll et al(1996) States that Companies and organizations did not get religion overnight. It took both carrots and sticks to motivate managers. On the \u201cstick\u201d (or threat) side of the picture, there has been a steady increase in the use of criminal laws and penalties to punish business misconduct. With each new story of corruption or misconduct, legislatures and regulators responded with new laws and regulations prohibiting activities that in the past were accepted as norms of the marketplace. But penalties imposed by government and the legal system are not the entire story the penalties of the marketplace also serve as powerful motivators.
\nEthics of drug testing: What are workers\u2019 attitudes?
\nKhan et al (1995) states that A manufacturing industry magazine claims that workplace drug abuse costs employers more than $100 billion a year in lost productivity alone. Ten percent of any American company\u2019s full-time employees are hooked on illegal drugs. The rise in drug abuse has triggered substantial growth in employee drug testing programs. Test procedures are not foolproof false accusations may be made as a result of false test results. In addition to demographic information, data about the subjects\u2019 attitudes about seven drug-testing issues were gathered. Attitudes about these issues are used as surrogates for the respondents\u2019 ethical positions regarding the public good versus individual rights.
\nCommentary: What Can Ethics Codes Accomplish?
\nRichard (2014) States that Those who enter into government service with a view toward enhancing their own personal interests in some manner will not be deterred by an ethics code, whatever the penalties for violations may be. They will resist, and if resistance to these codes, as described in the article, is seen as a failure of the effort to change behaviour, the evaluation will almost always be that the objective has not been met. Submit that ethics codes have a more limited purpose. They are intended to guide the behaviour of government officials who are disposed toward acting in a manner that is consistent with serving the public.The people are best served by government officials and employees who are part of the community and have experience in business, law, health care, academics, or other fields. Ethics principles are, of necessity, vague, and government officials need assistance in trying to understand them. This is where ethics regulatory bodies serve their most important function.
\nWhat Might Be Called \u201cMacro Ethics\u201d
\nPenn(1991) states that The way peaceful nations relate to one another economically is examined in Claire Badaracco\u2019s \u201cThe Impact of Economic Blocks on Intra-Governmental Relations and Inter-Cultural Publics.\u201d She concludes: \u201dGiven the accelerated rate of change in global democ-ratization and the implications for a rising importance of public opinion internationally, [governmental public affairs] promises to be a rather interesting place to be in the decade ahead.
\nAdvertising Ethics: Emerging Methods and Trends.
\nZinkhan (1994) states that advertisers and their agencies are required to make many difficult moral choices, and it is not always easy to know how to make these decisions. Whatever choices advertisers make, there is no scarcity of third parties. One approach for understanding advertising ethics is to identify advertising practices (e.g., subliminal advertising, advertising to children) which have potentially harmful effects for society (or potentially harmful effects for some segment of society). Actions which involve hsirmful effects certainly present a difficult set of moral choices and options.
\nConclusion
\nThese articles are trying to show what is the meaning of ethics. How it is involved in every different aspects of life. Ethics helps a person to be a better version of yourself. People need some sort of moral guide through life. A commitment to business ethics helps to establish trust, loyalty and respect between the business and it\u2019s customer, employees, investor\u2019s and others helping to create more positive work environment and generate confidence in the company. Ethics is the study of questions of morality the search to understand what is right, wrong ,good and bad. How ethical teams bring more productivity. It is the branch of philosophy that involves a systematic study of human actions from the point of view of its rightfulness and wrongfulness. How ethics is important in every segment of company that\u2019s why it should be taught to each and everyone who is related to the organisation.
\n Reference
\nDRISCOLL, D.-M.; HOFFMAN, W. M.; MURPHY, J. E. Business Ethics and Compliance: What Management Is Doing and Why. Business & Society Review (00453609), [s. l.], n. 99, p. 35, 1996. Dispon\u00edvel em: https:\/\/discovery.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=760f25b0-51bf-3ed0-bd46-83f4ab65e3c6. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.<\/p>\n
DUSKA, R. F. Being Real about the Ethics of the Fiduciary: What\u2019s Wrong with Self-Interest? Journal of Financial Service Professionals, [s. l.], v. 66, n. 3, p. 19\u201321, 2012. Dispon\u00edvel em: https:\/\/discovery.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=f20f2382-1ceb-32e1-8bf3-150d9a2eb8d4. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.<\/p>\n
GILBERT, J. T. Teaching business ethics: What, why, who, where, and when. Journal of Education for Business, [s. l.], v. 68, n. 1, p. 5, 1992. DOI 10.1080\/08832323.1992.10117578. Dispon\u00edvel em: https:\/\/discovery.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=2504959f-4ac5-3fe0-9a38-6b8843a74442. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.<\/p>\n
HUDSON, H. P. What Might Be Called \u201cMacro Ethics\u201d. Public Relations Quarterly, [s. l.], v. 36, n. 2, p. 2, 1991. Dispon\u00edvel em: https:\/\/discovery.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=2b868c9a-8345-36aa-a2f4-729834057bef. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.<\/p>\n
KHAN, Z. U.; CHAWLA, S. K. Ethics of drug testing: What are workers\u2019 attitudes? Business Forum, [s. l.], v. 20, n. \u00be, p. 17, 1995. Dispon\u00edvel em: https:\/\/discovery.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=4ef8b7aa-6541-39e1-815a-eab3944adf8f. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.<\/p>\n
LATHAM, G. P.; LOCKE, E. A. Science and Ethics: What Should Count as Evidence Against the Use of Goal Setting? Academy of Management Perspectives, [s. l.], v. 23, n. 3, p. 88\u201391, 2009. DOI 10.5465\/AMP.2009.43479266. Dispon\u00edvel em: https:\/\/discovery.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=5f284fa3-4a67-34cf-900f-45e165fda537. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.<\/p>\n
PASZTOR, J. What Is Ethics, Anyway? Journal of Financial Service Professionals, [s. l.], v. 69, n. 6, p. 30\u201332, 2015. Dispon\u00edvel em: https:\/\/discovery.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=f1162793-d76f-3a55-8283-d00a1b413299. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.<\/p>\n
RIFKIN, R. Commentary: What Can Ethics Codes Accomplish? Public Administration Review, [s. l.], v. 74, n. 1, p. 39\u201340, 2014. DOI 10.1111\/puar.12174. Dispon\u00edvel em: https:\/\/discovery.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=9fd9c01d-5308-3686-a3cf-2089e6735fd5. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.<\/p>\n
SEWELL, G. Doing what comes naturally? Why we need a practical ethics of teamwork. International Journal of Human Resource Management, [s. l.], v. 16, n. 2, p. 202\u2013218, 2005. DOI 10.1080\/0958519042000311408. Dispon\u00edvel em: https:\/\/discovery.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=61f051fc-a25d-3db6-be94-3e6941042738. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.<\/p>\n
ZINKHAN, G. M. Advertising Ethics: Emerging Methods and Trends. Journal of Advertising, [s. l.], v. 23, n. 3, p. 1\u20134, 1994. DOI 10.1080\/00913367.1994.10673445. Dispon\u00edvel em: https:\/\/discovery.ebsco.com\/linkprocessor\/plink?id=b7eefaba-44ae-353a-8626-95c9489fee6a. Acesso em: 12 maio. 2023.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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